HELP

ASCII Character Codes Regular ASCII (codes 0-127) 000 (nul) 016 (dle) 032 sp 048 0 064 @ 080 P 096 \ 112 p 001 (soh) 017 (dc1) 033 !

Virtual consoles let one Raspberry Pi host several independent MMBasic sessions.

MMBasic Interactive Help Use arrows to move between Index links.

Keyboard Codes KEYDOWN() and INKEY$ use Colour Maximite 2 character codes, not PC/AT scan codes.

Welcome to mmCore mmCore is the operating system around MMBasic on Raspberry Pi hardware (and QEMU).

mmCore Help Type ME for a short introduction.

Syntax Conventions Help topics show command forms like this: COMMAND name, [optional], {choice1 | choice2} name - a required argument you supply [optional] - may be omitted {a | b}

TheDraw fonts Native TDF commands load the TheDraw (.TDF) fonts seeded in A:/fonts/tdf/ (categories mono/, color/ and deco/) and draw banner text using the normal text console.

Using Help Type HELP to open this viewer.

Return the absolute (unsigned) magnitude of a number.

Return the arccosine of a number in radians (0..PI).

Return the arccosine of a number in radians.

Show a Win31 "Mystify"-style screensaver: two polygons of points bounce around the screen, leaving fading trails of connecting lines.

List and run packaged \.APP\ applications found on the app path.

Draw an elliptical arc centred at (x, y).

Bulk operations on whole arrays.

Return the character code (0-255) of the first character of a string.

Return the arcsine of a number in radians (-PI/2..PI/2).

Return the arcsine of a number in radians.

Return the arctangent of a number in radians.

Return the angle of the vector (x, y) with quadrant.

Return the arctangent of a number in radians (-PI/2..PI/2).

Return the angle of the vector (x, y) with quadrant.

Select where PLAY sends PCM.

Format an integer in any base from 2 to 36, zero-padded.

Return the binary digits of an integer, unsigned.

Read or write one bit of an integer variable.

Plot a 1-bit bitmap at a pixel location.

Copy a rectangle of pixels, or save and restore rectangles in named blit buffers.

Choose what the machine does after power-on or REBOOT, set with \OPTION BOOT\.

Return the declared length of an array dimension.

Draw a rectangle, optionally filled, or combine a colour with every pixel in a rectangle using AND, OR, or XOR.

Read or write one byte of a string variable.

Call a SUB (or FUNCTION) by name.

Append one string onto another in place (same as s$ = s$ + t$).

Load and run another program in place of the current one.

Change the current directory.

Select one of two values by a condition.

Return a one-character string for a character code.

Round a number to the nearest integer (.5 away from zero).

Draw a circle centred at (x, y).

Clear all variables.

Close an open file or TCP stream.

Clear the graphics screen and home the text cursor so the next prompt is at the top of HDMI.

CMM2 / MMBasic inventory (this Pi console) Manuals used: Colour Maximite 2 User Manual 5.07, Programming with the CMM2, MMBasic Language Manual.

Set foreground and optional background colour for PRINT / INPUT text and for graphics when a colour argument is omitted.

Declare variables as shared between chained programs.

Open a telnet-style TCP session to a host.

Copy a file or folder to a new path or name.

Return the cosine of an angle in radians.

Show MMBasic / PicoMite copyright (Geoff Graham, Peter Mather), Circle runtime credit, ASCII homage to the Colour Maximite, and the Raspberry Pi port line.

Return the current console cursor row, 1-based.

Return the current working directory.

Return the current date as a string.

Format an epoch value as "dd-mm-yyyy hh:mm:ss" in the local timezone (see TIMEZONE; UTC by default).

Return the weekday name for a date.

Subtract amount from a numeric variable (default 1).

Convert an angle in radians to degrees.

List files in the current directory, or matching an optional path/wildcard.

Iterate over directory entries.

List available drives, or select the current drive by letter.

Open the colour TUI editor (menu bar, tabs, status).

Safely unmount a USB volume before removing it.

Stop a running program.

Test whether a file is positioned at the end.

Convert a date (and optional time), or the current clock, to Unix epoch seconds.

Stop with an error.

Turn wired Ethernet on or off.

Evaluate a string as an expression and return its value.

Run the text of a string as if it had been typed as a program line.

Return e raised to a power.

Restore default OPTION settings (DEFAULT MODE 11, PROMPT CWD, THEME Slate, EDIT THEME SYSTEM, AUTOSAVE ON).

Return one field from a delimited string.

Open the dual-pane file manager (not a DIR listing).

Truncate a number towards zero, discarding the fraction.

Select the font number and optional integer scale used by TEXT.

Format a number as a decimal string.

Create and use an off-screen drawing buffer.

Catalogue of functions for use in expressions.

Open interactive help (QuickBASIC-style).

Return the hexadecimal digits of an integer, unsigned.

Software scale, rotate, and warp of a rectangle on a page.

Add amount to a numeric variable (default 1).

Return the next console key as a one-character string, or "" if none.

Read values from the console or from an open file/TCP stream.

Read up to nbr characters from an open file or TCP handle.

Find a substring.

Round a number down towards minus infinity (floor).

Show the active network interface.

Fill a TYPE variable from a JSON string.

Turn a TYPE variable into a JSON string.

Query a JSON object stored in a STRING (255).

JUKE is a first-party retro music player with a spectrum/VU visualiser.

Return a held key's code, or count the keys held down.

Delete a file.

Return a string with all letters converted to lower case.

Return the leftmost n characters of a string.

Return the number of characters in a string.

Draw a straight line between two pixels.

Read one line from an open file or TCP stream into a string variable.

Print the program in memory with line numbers, or list defined TYPE blocks.

Load an image onto the current WRITE page.

Return the current position of an open file.

Move the text cursor to a character cell.

Return the length of an open file.

Return the natural logarithm (base e) of a number.

Assign a string into a fixed-width field.

Strip characters from the left of a string.

Math helpers and array operators.

Return the largest of its arguments.

Show how many program lines, variables, and open files the interpreter is using.

As a statement, overwrite characters in a string.

Return the smallest of its arguments.

Create a directory.

Return the battery charge as a percentage (0-100).

Read or set the display backlight brightness as a percentage (0-100).

Return the name of the program currently being run.

Return the device name this build reports.

Return the text of the last trapped runtime error as a string, or an empty string when there has not been one.

Return the error code of the last trapped runtime error, or zero when there has not been one.

Return the width of the host display that the current graphics mode is shown on, in pixels.

Return the height of the host display that the current graphics mode is shown on, in pixels.

Return the current text cursor column in pixels.

Return the width of the current graphics mode in pixels.

Return information about the current graphics mode.

Return information about the system as a string.

Return the name of the runtime the program is running on, so a program can behave differently where needed.

Return the MMBasic compatibility version string.

Return the current text cursor row in pixels.

Return the height of the current graphics mode in pixels.

Set the graphics page size, colour depth, and HDMI framebuffer.

Enable the software mouse cursor, choose its icon, and install pointer event handlers.

Erase the program in memory and clear variables and constants.

Synchronise the clock from a Network Time Protocol server.

Return the octal digits of an integer, unsigned.

Jump to the n-th line number (1-based), or call a SUB when a key or pointer event is waiting.

Open a disk file, or a TCP client stream.

Change interpreter settings.

Zip the contents of a folder into a package file (ZIP store).

Select off-screen pages for drawing and display, copy or scroll pages, and combine pages with AND/OR/XOR.

Paint is a full-screen, mouse-driven pixel paint application in the spirit of Dr.

Directories searched for \.APP\ packages, set with \OPTION PATH\.

Wait for the given number of milliseconds.

Return the constant pi (3.141592653589793).

Set a pixel, or set many pixels from arrays.

Decode and play audio to OPTION AUDIO\TARGET.

Return 1 while a sound is playing, otherwise 0.

Draw a closed polygon (at least 3 vertices).

Return the current console cursor column, 1-based.

Write values to the console, or to an open file or TCP stream.

Choose the immediate-mode prompt.

End the host application and return to the operating system.

Convert an angle in degrees to radians.

Seed the RND generator.

Draw a rounded rectangle.

Restart the Raspberry Pi.

Re-dimension an array, or create it if it does not exist.

Rename a file or folder, or move it to another folder.

Continue after a runtime error trapped by ON ERROR GOTO.

Build a colour value from red, green and blue, or a colour name.

Return the rightmost n characters of a string.

Remove an empty directory.

Return a pseudo-random number in the range 0 <= x < 1.

Strip characters from the right of a string.

Run the program in memory, or load a file first then run it.

Save the program in memory to disk.

Capture the current screen to a PNG image on a writable drive.

Set the read/write position of an open disk file.

Call a SUB every period milliseconds.

Open the system-wide settings hub as a modal dialog.

Return the sign of a number: -1, 0 or 1.

Power off the machine.

Return the sine of an angle in radians.

Sort a one-dimensional array in place (numeric or string).

Return a string of n spaces.

Sprites drawn into the current write page.

Return the square root of a non-negative number.

Return the square root of a non-negative number.

Halt the running program.

Convert a number to the string a PRINT of it would show.

Return a string by repeating a character or a string.

Operate on TYPE variables and arrays.

Exchange the values of two variables.

Return a string of n spaces (the column-tab used by PRINT).

Return the tangent of an angle in radians.

Fullscreen telnet-style terminal.

Draw a string at a pixel location using the default 8x16 IBM VGA CP437 face (the same glyphs as TERM and PRINT).

Return the active system theme colour as an RGB integer (0xRRGGBB), the same value form as RGB().

Return the current time as a string.

Return milliseconds since the program or console started.

Select the local timezone offset applied to DATE$, TIME$ and DATETIME$.

Draw a triangle, optionally filled.

Strip characters from the left, right or both ends of a string.

Software turtle graphics.

Return a string with all letters converted to upper case.

Extract every file from a ZIP archive into the current folder.

Parse the leading number in a string.

Wait until the next display refresh (about 16 ms at 60 Hz).

Typora-style markdown editor with a centred text column.

Receive nbytes of raw serial data and write them to a file.

Define a named constant.

Skip to the NEXT or LOOP of the current loop, then test the loop condition.

Store literal values in the program for READ.

Declare a variable or array.

Repeat a block of statements.

Leave the current DO, FOR, SUB, or FUNCTION immediately.

Count a variable from start to end.

Define a user function that returns a value.

Call a numbered subroutine.

Jump to a numbered program line or a label.

Run statements when a condition is true.

Assign an expression to a variable.

Declare a variable inside a SUB or FUNCTION.

A remark.

Choose a branch matching an expression.

Like LOCAL but the value is kept between calls.

Define a subroutine.

Define a user type.

Repeat while condition is non-zero.